On
the 27th of January 2003 the European Parliament adopted a guideline
on waste of electrical and electronic equipment (2002/96/EG), also called
the WEEE guideline. This guideline introduced producer responsibility
for electrical products in the waste phase. The aim of the directive
is to reduce damages to the environment caused by these products (dumping,
landfilling), by even reaching environmental gain through material recycling.
In the transposition process of the directive into nation laws, the
producer responsibility changed into a importer responsibility: the
one bringing the product into the national market has been made responsible
for the waste phase of the product. The importer can therefore be a
producer or a distributor. Often distributors ask producers to take
over the responsibility for their products, leaving the producer with
the obligation to register and arrange take-back.
The directive states the following obligations for producers/distributors:
- Labelling of the product
- Registration with authorities
- Arranging take back of the WEEE
- Environmentally aware design
Registration is a national affair. A producer who sells in 25 European
countries will also have to register in all of these 25 countries. He
also needs to look for membership with 25 take-back schemes or arrange
for individual take-back arrangements.
Environmentally aware designing is also made mandatory through the introduction
of the ROHS guideline, which obliges producers to refrain from using
hazardous substances like cadmium and lead in their products.